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Tracheal tube)
An endotracheal tube (ETT) is used in anaesthesia, intensive care and emergency medicine for airway management and mechanical ventilation.
Procedure
It is inserted into the trachea, generally via the mouth, but sometimes through the nose (e.g. in extensive mouth surgery) or even through a tracheostoma. The process of inserting a ETT is called intubation.
Endotracheal tubes are irritating and extremely uncomfortable to insert in a fully conscious, unanesthetised patient.
It is the most reliable available method for protecting a patient's airway.
Types
There are many types of ETTs. Endotracheal tubes range in size from 3-9 mm in internal diameter (ID) - different sizes are chosen based on the patient's body size with the smaller sizes being used for pediatric patients. Tubes larger than 6mm ID tend to have an inflatable cuff.
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