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O'Shaughnessy Dam in Hetch Hetchy
The O'Shaughnessy Dam is a dam on the Tuolumne River in the Hetch Hetchy Valley of California's Sierra Nevada mountains. It creates the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. The dam provides water and electricity to the city of San Francisco and to farmers in the San Joaquin Valley. The power-generation facilities and transmission lines are concealed to protect the valley's famous scenery.
The dam was proposed in 1903, when the city of San Francisco applied to the Department of the Interior for water rights in the area. The Sierra Club resisted for the next ten years. John Muir, its president and founder, declared, "Dam Hetch Hetchy! As well dam for water-tanks the people's cathedrals and churches, for no holier temple has ever been consecrated by the heart of man." The Raker Bill of 1913 settled the dispute in San Francisco's favor. Construction was completed in 1923. The dam then stood 111 metres (364 feet) high; its present height of 131 metres (430 feet) was achieved only later.
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