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Electronics
In electronics, gain is the logarithm (base 10) of the ratio of signal output from a system to signal input to the system.
A signal is usually measured in units of voltage or power gain. An audio amplifier changing the 1 volt at the input to 10 volts at the output has a gain of 20 dB. That is 20 · log (10/1). The ratio is often expressed in decibels (dB). For example, if output=500mW and input=5mW then
- gain=500/5 = 100 = 2B (bel) or 20dB
In antenna design, gain is the logarithm of the ratio of the antenna's radiation pattern to that of some ideal antenna, typically the theoretical isotropic antenna.
See also
- Main: Federal Standard 1037C, Transmitter power output, Absolute gain, Loop gain, Insertion gain, Directive gain, Signal processing gain, Net gain, Automatic gain control,
- Loss: Aperture-to-medium coupling loss, Effective radiated power,
- Other: Space charge, Front-to-back ratio, Fade margin, Maximal-ratio combiner, Neper, Passband, Photocurrent, Transmission level point, Relative transmission level, Transmitter, Karplus-Strong string synthesis, RFID, Antenna (electronics), Frequency response, Frequency compensation
- Items: Tesla coil, Amplifier (Electronic amplifier, Operational amplifier), Oscilloscope, Collinear antenna array, Darlington transistor, BiCMOS, Active laser medium, Omnidirectional antenna, Helical antenna, Dipole antenna, Yagi antenna, Unity, Nonlinear distortion, Instrument amplifier, Differential amplifier, Tradeoff
Finance
In finance, gain is profit or increase in value of an investment such as stock and bond. Gain is calculated by fair market value or proceed from sale of the investment minus the sum of purchase price and all costs associated with it. If the investment is not converted into cash or another asset the gain is called unrealized gain.
Books: Powers, Richard, "Gain". Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998.
See also: Workplace, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, List of accounting topics, Prospect theory
Psychology
In psychology, primary gain and secondary gain are commonly seen in Somatoform Disorders.
See also: Desensitation
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