Deep diving

The meaning of term deep diving depends on the level of the diver's diver training, diving equipment, breathing gas and surface support:

There are particular problems associated with deep dives:

nitrogen narcosis is related to pressure. This causes stress and inefficient thinking in the diver. When breathing air many divers find 40 metres a safe maximum depth.
the need to do decompression stops increases with depth. A diver at 6 metres may be able to dive for several hours without needing to do decompression stops. At depths greater than 40 metres, diver may have only a few minutes before decompression stops are needed. In the event of an emergency the diver cannot make an immediate ascent to the surface without risking decompression sickness. The diver needs a disciplined approach to planning and conducting dives and needs to carry extra gas for the decompression stops.
if long decompression stops are carried out in a tidal current, the divers may drift away from their boat cover. Diving shots, decompression trapeze and decompression buoys can help prevent this.
gas consumption is proportional to pressure - so at 50 metres (6 bar) and diver breathes 6 times as much as on the surface (1 bar). Heavy physical exertion consumes even more gas. The diver needs to carry extra gas for deep dives.
gas becomes denser and the effort required to breath increases with depth.
the risk of carbon dioxide poisoning increases with depth.

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