From TheBestLinks.com
A Cough medicine or antitussive is a medication given to people to help them stop coughing.
The type of cough medication taken depends on the nature of the cough. Dry coughs are treated with cough suppressants (antitussives) that suppress the body's urge to cough.
Productive coughs (coughs associated with phlegm) are treated with expectorants, drugs designed to loosen and help the body expel mucus from the respiratory tract.
Cough suppressants
Cough suppressants can act centrally (on the brain) or locally (on the respiratory tract) to suppress the cough reflex.
Centrally acting suppressants include DXM (dextromethorphan) and codeine.
Peripherally acting substances include local anaesthetics that reduce sensation of the nerves of the throat, and demulcents that coat the back of the throat.
Expectorants
An Expectorant is a medicine or herb which increases the expulsion of tracheal or bronchial mucus through expectoration or coughing.
Herbal expectorants
Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum),
Balm of Gilead (Populus gileadensis),
Balsam of Peru (Myroxylon perierae),
Balsam of Tolu (Myroxylon toluifera),
Blood Root (Sanguinaria canadensis),
Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara),
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale),
Elder Flower (Sambucus nigra),
Elecampane (Inula helenium),
Garlic (Allium sativum),
Golden Seal (Hydrastis canadensis),
Grindelia (Grindelia camporum),
Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis),
Iceland Moss (Cetraria islandica),
Irish Moss (Chondrus crispus),
Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra),
Lobelia (Lobelia inflata),
Lungwort (Sticta pulmonaria),
Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis),
Mouse Ear (Hieracium pilosella),
Mullein (Verbascum thapsus),
Pleurisy Root (Asclepias tuberosa),
Senega (Polygala senega),
Skunk Cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus),
Squill (Urginea maritima),
Thuja (Thuja occidentalis),
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris),
Vervain (Verbena officinalis),
White Horehound (Marrubium vulgare),
Wild Cherry (Prunus serotona).
Controversy
In 2002, researchers at the University of Bristol published a study in the British Medical Journal indicating that some cough medicines are no more effective than placebos.
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