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Anthim the Iberian (Romanian: Antim Ivireanul) was a notable figure in the ecclesiastical history of Romania. A Georgian by birth, he came to Rumania in the second half of the 17th century, as a simple monk.
He became bishop of Rāmnicu in 1705, and in 1708 archbishop of Walachia. Taking a leading part in the political movements of the time, he came into conflict with the newly appointed Greek voivodes (the Phanariotes), and was exiled to Rumelia. But on his crossing the Danube in 1716 he was thrown into the water and drowned, it is alleged, at the instigation of the prince of Wallachia.
He was a man of great talents and spoke and wrote many Oriental and European languages. Though a foreigner, he soon rc quired a thorough knowledge of Romanian, and was instrumental in helping to introduce that language into the church as its official language. He was a master printer and an artist the first order. He cut the wood blocks for the books which, printed in Targoviste, Ramnicu, Snagov and Bucharest.
Anthim was also the first to introduce Oriental founts of type into Romania, and he printed there the first Arabic missal for the iristians of the East (Ramnicu, 1702). He also trained Iorgians in the art of printing, and cut the type with which his pupil Mihail Ishtvanovitch they printed the first of Iorgian Gospels (Tiflis, 1709).
A man of great oratorical power, Anthim delivered a series of sermons (Didahii), and some his pastoral letters are models of style and of language as of exact and beautiful printing. He also completed a sole corpus of lectionanies, missals, gospels, etc.
This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopędia Britannica.
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